Biology

Cover Biology
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But it is a very largequestion what has caused and determined evolution. Here, too, thefundamental problem is, how far the process may be mechanicallyexplicable or comprehensible, how far it is susceptible of formulationin physico-chemical or mechanistic terms. The most essential part ofthis problem relates to the origin of organic adaptations, theproduction of the fit. With Kant, Cuvier and Linnaeus believed thisproblem scientifically insoluble. Lamarck attempted to find a solutionin his theor...y of the inheritance of the effects of use, disuse andother "acquired characters"; but his theory was insecurely based andalso begged the question, since the power of adaptation through whichuse, disuse and the like produce their effects is precisely that whichmust be explained. Darwin believed he had found a partial solution inhis theory of natural selection, and he was hailed by Haeckel as thebiological Newton who had set at naught the _obiter dictum_ of Kant. But Darwin himself did not consider natural selection as an adequateexplanation, since he called to its aid the subsidiary hypotheses ofsexual selection and the inheritance of acquired characters.

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