Comparative Analysis of the Vocal Communication Systems of the Carolina Chickadee And the Tufted Titmouse
Comparative Analysis of the Vocal Communication Systems of the Carolina Chickadee And the Tufted Titmouse
Gaddis, Philip
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Incidental messages in mobbing, as with chickadees, could also be a request for participation in the mobbing to other flockmates, indication of identity of enemies to juveniles, and indication to the predator that its presence 66 is well known to the flock. When type 2 calls were mixed with type 1 calls, the type 2 calls could have somehow specified the desired inter- bird distance for use in regulation of flock cohesion. These specifi- cations of inter-bird distance could have been the primary... messages when used in border exchanges as well as in exchanges by temporarily separated flockmates. Titmouse Subsystem lib As with the chickadee, this call was structurally distinct, highly stereotyped, and unambiguous in its meaning. It was clearly a demand for food. No copulations were observed, so the possible use of Mb in sexual solicitation is unknown. Titmouse Subsystem III When used without the calls from IVb, the calls of I I I clearly carry a threat of impending attack. The combination of III with IVb (calls derived from distance decreasers) at greater distances could indicate the desire to come closer to the prospective opponent.
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