Deposition, Corrosion And Coloration of Tungsten Trioxide Electrochromic Thin Films
Deposition, Corrosion And Coloration of Tungsten Trioxide Electrochromic Thin Films
Sun, Sey-Shing
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films have been confirmed to be amorphous, oxygen deficient (0/W = 2.76), and porous (>80% of bulk density). 2. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data have confirmed that the tungsten atoms in the as-deposited films existed not only as W , but also as W and W . The total concentration of subvalence states can be ^40% or higher. 3. The tungsten atoms in the as-deposited films are postulated to be present as WO , WO and WO according to their valence states. The films structure can be visualized as... a random network composed of WO and lower valent oxide molecules linking with each other through corner sharing oxygen bond. 4. The Pourbaix diagram for W indicates that WO is the thermo- dynamically stable specie for WO films stored in the acid 01 electrolyte (pH = 0.5, E = 0.4 V ), while W0 2 and W ? 0_ are not. The conversion of WO and W ? into WO were observed as dissolu- tion of WO adn WO in acid to form crystalline WO. and its hydrates (i.e., WO.. HO and W0..2H 0). The reactions are 2+ uncertain, but appear to involve the formation of WO ions in solution and saturation of these solution.
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