On the Conversion of Heat Into Work: a Practical Handbook On Heat-Engines
On the Conversion of Heat Into Work: a Practical Handbook On Heat-Engines
William Anderson
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The balance of this reverse operation will be the accumulation of an amount of heat represented by the work done by five tons- falling four feet. It will be observed that a necessary condition of action Digitized by VjOOQIC 90 ON THE CONVERSION OF HE A T INTO WORK. is a fall of temperature. The ideal engine finished its ^ork, which was all done in the wp stroke, at a lower temperature than it b^an ; and in the heated bar, though the reverse apparently took place, it was only because the normal ...condition of the bar is to be cold. Had we begun with the bar like the air in its heated state, the work could have been done by cooling. We are now enabled to enunciate the second law of thermodynamics, which is — '' It is impossible to transform any part of the heat of a body into mechanical work, except by allowing heat to pass from that body into another at a lower temperature." It is dijficult to exaggerate the importance of the prin- ciples which we have been discussing. Had the doctrine of Camot been earlier recognised and known, a vast saving of fruitless expenditure in toil, money, and hope deferred would have been saved to unhappy inventors, who, through ignorance, have been lured on to attempt results in the working of heat engines, which are just as much beyond our reach as the transmutation of metals or perpetual motion.
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