Radioactivity And Radioactive Substances An Introduction to the Study of Radioa
Radioactivity And Radioactive Substances An Introduction to the Study of Radioa
James Chadwick
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For example, radium may be precipitated by the addition of sulphuric acid, or a soluble sulphate, and recovered by filtration. As a rule, however, the amount of the radio- element is extremely small, e. G. The weight of thorium-X in equilibrium with 1 grm. Of thorium is 7 X 10~ 13 grm. , and can only be detected by its radioactivity. In such cases a visible quantity of an isotope of the substance may be already present, and the radioelement will be obtained mixed with this isotope. As an exampl...e, we may take the separation of radium- D from a uranium mineral. The amount of radium- D present is very small, but its isotope, the end product or uranium-lead, is present in visible amount. This can be precipitated by sulphuretted hydrogen, and the precipitate dealt with in the usual way. The radium- D is divided between precipitate and solution in exactly the same proportions as the uranium -lead. If no isotope is present in the material to give THE RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES 77 a visible precipitate, a small quantity (a few milligrams), either of an isotope or of a substance of similar chemical properties may be added.
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