Text book of Petrology Containing a Summary of the Modern Theories of Petrogene
Text book of Petrology Containing a Summary of the Modern Theories of Petrogene
F H Frederick Henry Hatch
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Twin-crystal of Olivine. Olivine occurs only in basic and ultrabasic rocks : in gabbros, dolerites, basalts, limburgites, picrites, peridotites, etc. The peridotites are mainly composed of this mineral. Olivine alters readily into fibrous aggregates of serpentine ; the alteration proceeding along cracks, and being often accompanied by a separation of iron-ores (magnetite, limonite, etc. ). MICA GROUP. The rock-forming micas may be divided for all practical purposes into white and black micas. I...n white mica (muscovite), there is usually a con- siderable divergence of the optic axes ; while the dark mica (biotite) is, in most cases, practically uniaxial, i. E. , the two optic axes are nearly coincident. There are, however, certain rare varieties of dark mica that have a large optic axial angle. All micas are monoclinic, but with pseudo-hexagonal symmetry (see Fig. 60) ; and a very perfect basal cleavage is CHAP, m] DESCRIPTION OF MINERALS 121 characteristic for the group. The elasticity of the laminae distinguishes mica from other minerals (talc, chlorite, etc.
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