The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence
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In our eReader you can find the full English version of the book. Read The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence Online - link to read the book on full screen. Our eReader also allows you to upload and read Pdf, Txt, ePub and fb2 books. In the Mini eReder on the page below you can quickly view all pages of the book - Read Book The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence
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One of the more interesting such arguments comes from an Oxford mathematician and physicist, Roger Penrose.
In his 1989 best-seller, The Emperor’s New Mind, Penrose puts forth two conjectures. 17 The first has to do with an unsettling theorem proved by a Czech mathematician, Kurt Godel. Godel’s famous “incompleteness theorem,” which has been called the most important theorem in mathematics, states that in a mathematical system powerful enough to generate the natural numbers, there inevitably exi...st propositions that can be neither proved nor disproved. This was another one of those twentieth-century insights that upset the orderliness of nineteenth-century thinking.
A corollary of Godel’s theorem is that there are mathematical propositions that cannot be decided by an algorithm. In essence, these Gödelian impossible problems require an infinite number of steps to be solved. So Penrose’s first conjecture is that machines cannot do what humans can do because machines can only follow an algorithm.
What to read after The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence?
You can find similar books in the "Read Also" column, or choose other free books by Ray Kurzweil to read onlineMoreLess
To quickly assess the difficulty of the text, read a short excerpt:
One of the more interesting such arguments comes from an Oxford mathematician and physicist, Roger Penrose.
In his 1989 best-seller, The Emperor’s New Mind, Penrose puts forth two conjectures. 17 The first has to do with an unsettling theorem proved by a Czech mathematician, Kurt Godel. Godel’s famous “incompleteness theorem,” which has been called the most important theorem in mathematics, states that in a mathematical system powerful enough to generate the natural numbers, there inevitably exi...st propositions that can be neither proved nor disproved. This was another one of those twentieth-century insights that upset the orderliness of nineteenth-century thinking.
A corollary of Godel’s theorem is that there are mathematical propositions that cannot be decided by an algorithm. In essence, these Gödelian impossible problems require an infinite number of steps to be solved. So Penrose’s first conjecture is that machines cannot do what humans can do because machines can only follow an algorithm.
What to read after The Age of Spiritual Machines: When Computers Exceed Human Intelligence?
You can find similar books in the "Read Also" column, or choose other free books by Ray Kurzweil to read onlineMoreLess
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