The Animal Ecology of the Cold Spring Sand Spit With Remarks On the Theory of a
The Animal Ecology of the Cold Spring Sand Spit With Remarks On the Theory of a
Charles Benedict Davenport
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This terrestrial insect is here found side by side with the marine Talorchestia, even burrowing into the sand. It feeds upon decaying vegetable matter. A third organism found under the debris is a minute white earthworm of world-wide distribu- tion. This is Enchytrseus albidus Henle (Halodrilus littoralis of Verrill, 1873). As the plant debris is being devoured by the amphipods, staphylinids, and Enchytrseus, so the animal remains are being carried off by a number of scavengers. Among these the... ants are the most important; there are two species of them. The first, Formica rufa var. Obscuriventris Mayr, is reddish brown and about four milli- meters long (see Emery, 1893). It digs holes in the sand in the upper part of the upper beach, the grains of sand being brought individually to the surface and deposited in a ring around the hole. This ant also occurs under the shelter of boards and logs. Immediately after the tide has begun to fall and dropped its burden of car- casses these ants sally forth in paths that run perpendicularly to the high-tide line and begin to seize and carry to their nests the drowned insects that have been left there stranded.
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