The Beginnings of Science Biologically And Psychologically Considered
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CHAPTER VII THEORIES OF EVOLUTION REMEMBERING what was said in our chapter on the Present Status of Evolutionary Philosophy, we shall here consider very briefly the various theories which bi- ologists have propounded to show HOW Evolution has come about, and, lest our interpretation of what the vari- ous theories actually mean be questioned, we have quoted the very words of one of their ablest defenders wherever possible.
In its modern aspect Lamarck and Geoffrey St. Hilaire were the founders o...f a theory, which was much more philo- sophical than was Charles Darwin's, in that it actually at- tempted to give an account of the reasons for the varia- tions that we see all about us. Darwin merely accepted them and built his theory thereon. He made no attempt to explain WHY there are variations to start with.
Lamarck's theory may be simply stated by calling it the working out of the principle of "use and disuse. " In other words, should an organ be used to any considerable extent it would become better developed than any other part of the body, or should it be used but little or not at all, it would atrophy, and this extra development, or this wasting away of the organ would be carried from parent to off- spring, so that the offspring, again using the over-devel- oped organ a little more, or neglecting the under-devel- oped organ a little more, and carrying it on to its off- spring in turn, would in the long run develop a race of in- 119 120 The Beginnings of Science dividuals that would be distinguished from other races by this particular over-development or a particular under- development or entire loss of the organ in question.
What to read after The Beginnings of Science Biologically And Psychologically Considered?
You can find similar books in the "Read Also" column, or choose other free books by Edward John Von Komorowski Menge to read onlineMoreLess
To quickly assess the difficulty of the text, read a short excerpt:
CHAPTER VII THEORIES OF EVOLUTION REMEMBERING what was said in our chapter on the Present Status of Evolutionary Philosophy, we shall here consider very briefly the various theories which bi- ologists have propounded to show HOW Evolution has come about, and, lest our interpretation of what the vari- ous theories actually mean be questioned, we have quoted the very words of one of their ablest defenders wherever possible.
In its modern aspect Lamarck and Geoffrey St. Hilaire were the founders o...f a theory, which was much more philo- sophical than was Charles Darwin's, in that it actually at- tempted to give an account of the reasons for the varia- tions that we see all about us. Darwin merely accepted them and built his theory thereon. He made no attempt to explain WHY there are variations to start with.
Lamarck's theory may be simply stated by calling it the working out of the principle of "use and disuse. " In other words, should an organ be used to any considerable extent it would become better developed than any other part of the body, or should it be used but little or not at all, it would atrophy, and this extra development, or this wasting away of the organ would be carried from parent to off- spring, so that the offspring, again using the over-devel- oped organ a little more, or neglecting the under-devel- oped organ a little more, and carrying it on to its off- spring in turn, would in the long run develop a race of in- 119 120 The Beginnings of Science dividuals that would be distinguished from other races by this particular over-development or a particular under- development or entire loss of the organ in question.
What to read after The Beginnings of Science Biologically And Psychologically Considered?
You can find similar books in the "Read Also" column, or choose other free books by Edward John Von Komorowski Menge to read onlineMoreLess
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