The Fitness of the Environment An Inquiry Into the Biological Significance of T
The Fitness of the Environment An Inquiry Into the Biological Significance of T
Lawrence Joseph Henderson
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0039 0. 0022 0. 00037 From the beginning of the experiment until almost 250 grams of hydrochloric acid have been added, neither alkalinity nor acidity is double in intensity the values w T hich obtain in a perfectly neutral solution. This amounts to a constancy of reaction which, until a few years ago, was scarcely known to the chemist at all. Such close approach to neutrality CARBONIC ACID 151 can be attained with pure water only after elaborate and very difficult purification, yet in the pres...ence of carbonic acid it is the natural condition. Of course the case above dis- cussed is an extreme one. In nature the con- centrations of dissolved substances arc less, the mixing less efficient, and the variations of reaction a little greater. There is also, in nature, likely to be a considerable excess of bicarbonate over free carbonic acid present. The cause of the greater constancy of re- action in the case of the heterogeneous equi- librium is simple enough. At the beginning of the experiment the free carbonic acid of the solution is exactly in equilibrium with that of the atmosphere.
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