The Formulation of Expectations in Dynamic Systems
The Formulation of Expectations in Dynamic Systems
Gilbert W Gilbert William Low
The book The Formulation of Expectations in Dynamic Systems was written by author Gilbert W Gilbert William Low Here you can read free online of The Formulation of Expectations in Dynamic Systems book, rate and share your impressions in comments. If you don't know what to write, just answer the question: Why is The Formulation of Expectations in Dynamic Systems a good or bad book?
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S is usually based on equilibrium conditions, behind which lie crucial assumptions about competition, utility maximization, etc. The model is determined by the assumed behavior, but does not represent it explicitly. An example that is particularly relevant to this paper is the 9 concept of "rational expectations, " introduced by Muth in 1961. Broadly speaking, Muth claims that "the market expectation of any relevant variable must represent the best forecast that could be made of that variable, ...on the basis of all the information available at the time of the forecast. " This requires that P* V t+r t = l[p, . +i], where p* is the price expected for time t+1 at time t, and tfP^^. I] is the conditional expectation of P formed using all information about the exogenous and endogenous variables available as of time t. Expectations are considered "rational" in the sense that, on average, people use all available information efficiently; that expectations are Informed predictions of the future and are essentially the same as the prediction of the relevant economic theory; and that if the prediction of the theory were substantially better than the expectations of the firms, profit g Muth, J.
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