The Foundations of Chemical Theory the Elements of Physical And General Chemis
The Foundations of Chemical Theory the Elements of Physical And General Chemis
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Since oxygen is more condensable than nitrogen, liquid air contains a larger proportion of the former element than gaseous air.
The cooling effect of expansion of a compressed gas with per- formance of external work is much greater than that of free expansion; rand the Claude process combines these two effects, in which air is compressed to 40-50 atmospheres, and then divided into two parts. One of these parts is allowed to expand in a cylinder, so as to perform external work, and the air so co...oled then surrounds the other compressed part of the air, which is thus sufficiently cooled to liquefy at once by free expansion. Con- siderable economy of power is effected by this device.
The Liquefaction of Hydrogen and Helium.
Pictet imagined that he had liquefied hydrogen, and described this substance as a steel-blue liquid. This, however, was a mistake. Wroblewski, in 1884, first converted hydrogen into- a "liquide dynamique " having the appearance of an instantaneous froth, by cooling the gas to the boiling-point of the oxygen, and then suddenly expanding it, according to Cailletet's method, from 100 atmospheres to 1 atmosphere pressure; and, Olszewski, in 1891, 108 CHEMICAL THEORY performed similar experiments, but failed to obtain hydrogen as a " static liquid" showing a meniscus, because no liquid was available having a boiling-point lower than that of oxygen, by means of which the hydrogen gas might be cooled.
What to read after The Foundations of Chemical Theory the Elements of Physical And General Chemis?
You can find similar books in the "Read Also" column, or choose other free books by R M Robert Martin Caven to read onlineMoreLess
To quickly assess the difficulty of the text, read a short excerpt:
Since oxygen is more condensable than nitrogen, liquid air contains a larger proportion of the former element than gaseous air.
The cooling effect of expansion of a compressed gas with per- formance of external work is much greater than that of free expansion; rand the Claude process combines these two effects, in which air is compressed to 40-50 atmospheres, and then divided into two parts. One of these parts is allowed to expand in a cylinder, so as to perform external work, and the air so co...oled then surrounds the other compressed part of the air, which is thus sufficiently cooled to liquefy at once by free expansion. Con- siderable economy of power is effected by this device.
The Liquefaction of Hydrogen and Helium.
Pictet imagined that he had liquefied hydrogen, and described this substance as a steel-blue liquid. This, however, was a mistake. Wroblewski, in 1884, first converted hydrogen into- a "liquide dynamique " having the appearance of an instantaneous froth, by cooling the gas to the boiling-point of the oxygen, and then suddenly expanding it, according to Cailletet's method, from 100 atmospheres to 1 atmosphere pressure; and, Olszewski, in 1891, 108 CHEMICAL THEORY performed similar experiments, but failed to obtain hydrogen as a " static liquid" showing a meniscus, because no liquid was available having a boiling-point lower than that of oxygen, by means of which the hydrogen gas might be cooled.
What to read after The Foundations of Chemical Theory the Elements of Physical And General Chemis?
You can find similar books in the "Read Also" column, or choose other free books by R M Robert Martin Caven to read onlineMoreLess
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