The Wonders of Geology Or a Familiar Exposition of Geological Phenomena Bein
The Wonders of Geology Or a Familiar Exposition of Geological Phenomena Bein
Gideon Algernon Mantell
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These picturesque objects belong to a group of extinct volcanoes ; while, on the opposite side of the river, the Eifel, with its crater covered with scoriae and cinders, and lava currents still dis- tinctly visible, attest the wide area over which those ancient fires once extended. Unlike the district we have just noticed, the foundation rock of the country is an ancient sedimentary deposit, called greywacke, consisting of coarse red sandstone and slate of a peculiar character, which we shall d...escribe hereafter, thrown into a highly inclined position. Through these beds the volcanic eruptions, con- sisting of trachyte, basalt, and other modifications of trap rocks and scoriae, have forced their way. The basalt is black, very compact, and breaks into sharp fragments ; it is frequently columnar, and the separate hexagonal pillars are made use of for posts and paving, in the adjacent towns. Such, says Mr. Homer (whose interesting memoir* has furnished the materials for this imperfect sketch), is the profusion of basaltic pillars, that the walls of the town of Linz are wholly built of these mate- rials, placed on their sides, with the ends projecting outwards.
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